一、日光燈的發明及原理

RIGUANGDENGYIBANYEJIAOYINGGUANGDENG，CHUANTONGXINGYINGGUANGDENGJIDIYAGONGDENG，SHILIYONGDIQIYADEGONGZHENGQIZAITONGDIANHOUSHIFANGZIWAIXIAN，CONGERSHIYINGGUANGFENFACHUKEJIANGUANGDEYUANLIFAGUANG。YINCITASHUYUDIQIYAHUGUANGFANGDIANGUANGYUAN。

1852NIAN，YINGGUOWULIXUEJIASITUOKEQIFAXIANLEYIZHONGPENGDAOGUANGJIUNENGCHANSHENGLINGYIZHONGGUANGDEYINGGUANGWUZHI。

1879NIAN，AIDISHENGFAMINGLEBAICHIDENG。

1902NIAN，HEIWEITEFAMINGLESHUIYINDENG。

19l0NIAN，FAGUOKEXUEJIAKELAOTEHUODELENIHONGDENGDEFAMINGZHUANLI。

1938NIANMEIGUOTONGYONGDIANZIGONGSIDEYANJIURENYUANYIMANZHIZUOLEYINGGUANGDENG

SUIZHUKEJIDEFAZHANRIGUANGDENGCONGFAXIANSHIYONGZHIJINYIJING100DUONIANLISHIDE，MUQIANYIJINGSHENGJIDAOT4

T4DENGGUANDEZHIJINGJIUSHI(4/8)×25.4＝12.7 mm

T5 JIUSHIBIAOSHIDENGGUANDEZHIJINGJIUSHI(5/8)×25.4＝16 mm

T8 JIUSHIBIAOSHIDENGGUANDEZHIJINGJIUSHI(8/8)×25.4＝25.4mm

T9 JIUSHIBIAOSHIDENGGUANDEZHIJINGJIUSHI(9/8)×25.4＝28.6mm

T10 JIUSHIBIAOSHIDENGGUANDEZHIJINGJIUSHI(10/8)×25.4＝31.8mm

LILUNSHANG，YUEXIDEDENGGUANXIAOLVYUEGAO，YEJIUSHISHUOXIANGTONGWASHUFAGUANGYUEDUO。WEILEJIEYUECHENGBEN，T5、T4DOUCAIYONGLEWEIXINGZHIJIADEXINGSHICHUSHOU，JIUSHIZHENLIUQIHANZAIZHIJIADEWEIXINGKONGJIANLIMIAN，ZHEZHONGZHENLIUQIDEXIAOLVHEZHILIANGYIBANDOUBUDAHAO，DAOZHIYINGGAIHENGAOXIAOLVDEDENGGUANFANERBURUCHANGGUIDET8DENGGUANLIANG，SHOUMINGFANGMIANYEYOUDIANDAZHE。

ER、RIGUANGDENGDEYOUQUEDIAN

1、YOUDIAN

RIGUANGDENGSHIZAITONGDIANHOU，SHUIYINZHENGQIFANGDIAN，TONGSHICHANSHENGZIWAIXIAN，ZIWAIXIANJIFAGUANNEIBIDEYINGGUANGWUZHIERFACHUKEJIANGUANG。YUBAICHIDENGXIANGBI，TAJUYOUSEWENRONGYIKONGZHI，FAGUANGXIAOLVBIGAO，FAGUANGMIANJIJIAODA，SHIYONGSHOUMINGCHANGDEYOUDIAN。

BAICHIDENGFAGUANGXIAOLV：15% RIGUANGDENGFAGUANGXIAOLV：90%

BAICHIDENGSHIYONGSHOUMING：1000XIAOSHI RIGUANGDENGSHIYONGSHOUMING：3000XIAOSHI

2、QUEDIAN

DIANLUFUZA，XUYAOQIDONGDIANLU（ZHENLIUQI）

HANYOUZHONGJINSHU（ZHUYAOSHIGONG）

JIAGEYEBIBAICHIDENGGUIHENDUO

YOUPINSHANXIANXIANG，YOUXIECHANGHEBUSHIHESHIYONG

RIGUANGDENGPINSHAN，YINWEIWOMENGUOJIADEJIAOLIUDIANPINLVSHI50HEZI，DAOZHIDENGGUANMEIMIAOZHONGCHUXIAN100CIDESHANSHUO。DENGGUANNEIBIDEYINGGUANGFENSUIRANYOUYIDINGDEYUHUISHIJIAN，DANJISHIZAIZHEBAIFENZHIYIMIAONEIYEHUIXUNSUBIANANDAOZHIPINSHANXIANXIANG。

3、WEIHAIXING

SHANGHAIYANJING：SUIRANRENDEYANJINGBUYICHAJUE，DANCHANGQICHUZAIZHEZHONGGUANGYUANXIADUIYANJINGYOUYIDINGDEWEIHAI，TEBIESHIYONGJIUDERIGUANGDENG，ZHEZHONGPINSHANGENGJIAMINGXIAN。

CHANSHENGCUOJUE：GUANGQIANGSHANSHUOHUANGANRAOSHIJUEZHONGSHUDUITUXIANGDECHULIHEZONGHEFENXI，CONGERXINGCHENGXUANMUHESHIJUECUOJUEDENGXIANXIANG。BIRU，HUIBAZHENGCHANGGAOSUZHUANDONGDEWUTIKANCHENGMANZHUANSHENZHIFANZHUAN，BAGAOSUFEIXINGDEQIUKANCHENGSHIDUANXUDE。RUZAIYOUZHUANDONGWUTIDECHEJIAN，DANGZHUANDONGPINLVSHIDENGGUANGSHANSHUOPINLVDEZHENGSHUBEISHI，ZHUANDONGDEDONGXIKANSHANGQUXIANGJINGZHIYIYANG，WANGWANGYINCIZAOCHENGSHIGU。

SAN、RIGUANGDENGDEGUZHANGWEIXIU

1、DENGBULIANG，DENGSIYEBUHONG

GUZHANGYUANYIN：XIANLUWEITONG，HUOQIZHONGYOUBUJIANSUNHUAI。

KEYONGDIANBIANHUOXIANJINXIANSHUNXUJIANCHAXIANLU，SHIFOUYOUDUANLUCHU。YICIJIANCHAKAIGUAN、ZHENLIUQI、QIHUIQIDEJIEXIAN。KEYONGLUOSIDAOJIANGQIHUIQILIANGJIETOUSHUNJIANDUANLULAIPANDUANQIHUIQISHIFOUSUNHUAI，YINWEIZHEYICAOZUOYUNAIGUANDETIAODONGYOUTONGYANGZUOYONG。RUQIHUIQISUNHUAI，GENGHUANQIHUIQIJIKE。FOUZE，KENENGSHIXIANLUQITABUFENDUANLU。CHUYISHANGYUANYINWAI，HUANKEYIJIANCHAZHENLIUQINEIBUSHIFOUDUANXIAN，DENGGUANDEDENGSISHIFOU，DUANLU。ZHAODAOGUZHANGHOU，JIKESHEFAXIUFUHUOHUANXIN。

2、RIGUANGDENGLIANGDUANDENGSIFAHONG，DENGGUANBULIANG

GUZHANGYUANYIN：XIANLUWEITONG，HUOQIZHONGYOUBUJIANSUNHUAI。

QIHUIQIZHONGNAIPAOHUODIANRONGDUANLU，SHIDIANYUANDIANYAJIAZHIRIGUANGDENGLIANGDUANDENGSI，DANWUFASHIRIGUANGDENGGUANQIHUI。JIANXIUSHI，KEYONGJIANYIFANGFALIJIZHENGMINGQIHUIQISHIFOUSUNHUAI，ZHIYAOJIANGQIHUIQIQUXIA，ZAIQUXIAYISHUNJIAN(JIDUANKAISHUNJIAN)，RIGUANGDENGGUANDIANLIANG，YEKEYONGLUOSIDAOZAIQIHUIQICHAZUOLIANGJIECHUPIANSHUNJIANDUANLU，RIGUANGDENGGUANDIANLIANG。ZHEYANGDOUZHENGMINGQIHUIQIYISUNHUAI，YINGYUHUANXIN。

3、ZHENLIUQI（YOUXIANQUANDEZHENLIUQI）FACHUHENZHONGDEJIAOLIUXIANGSHENG

GUZHANGYUANYIN：ZHENLIUQIDEGUIGANGPIANZHIJIANSONGDONG。

YINGGENGHUANXINDEZHENLIUQI。RUOSHIYOUWEIXIUJINGYANZHE，KECHAIXIAZHENLIUQI，JIANGXIGANGPIANZHIJIANDEJIANXIYONGTONGGUIGEDEXIGANGPIANCHARU，BINGCHAJINCHAQI。XIUFUHOU，JINENGXIAOCHUJIAOLIUXIANGSHENG。 RUGUODIANZIZHENLIUQICHANSHENGDESHENGYINWEINEIBUDIANGANHUOZHEDIANRONGXINGNENGXIAZAIDAOZHI，GENGHUANJIKE。

4、WANSHANGDUANKAIKAIGUANHOU，RIGUANGDENGGUANRENGYOUWEILIANGHUOZHEWEIGUANGSHANDONG

GUZHANGYUANYIN：JIEXIANSHI，HUOXIANYULINGXIANJIECUO。

DANGDIANYUANJINXIANHUOXIANJIECUOHOU，HUOXIANDUANJIEZHIDENGGUAN，JISHIKAIGUANYIDUANKAI，ZAIWANSHANGRIGUANGDENGGUANRENGHUIHENCHANGSHIJIANWEIWEIFALIANG。CISHI，ZHIXUJIANGDIANYUANJINXIANDEHUOXIANYULINGXIANHUANJIE，GUZHANGJIPAICHU。

5、RIGUANGDENGSHILIANGSHIAN，QIHUIQIPIN FANQIDONG，HUODENGGUANYANZHONGSHANSHUO，HUODENGGUANNEILIANGQUGUNDONG

GUZHANGYUANYIN：RIGUANGDENGGUANLAOHUA，QIHUIQIWUFAQIDONG。

RIGUANGDENGGUANZHILIANGCHA，HUOSHIYONGRIJIUHOU，QIGUANYAJIANGZENGJIA，DAOZHIQIHUIQIWUFAQIDONG，YINGGENGHUANXINDERIGUANGDENGGUAN。

6、ZHENLIUQIFATANG，BINGYOUJIAOWEI

GUZHANGYUANYIN：ZHENLIUQINEIXIANQUANYOUDUANLU

YUDAOGAIGUZHANGBIXUJISHIDUANKAIKAIGUAN，BINGGENGHUANTONGGUIGEZHENLIUQI，YIMIANSHAOHUIRIGUANGDENGGUAN。

7、YINGGUANGDENGGUANYIDUANFAHEIDEYUANYIN

GUZHANGYUANYIN；DENGGUANLAOHUA

ZHENGZAIYINGGUANGDENGQIDONGGUOCHENGZHONG,YINGGUANGDENGGUANDELIANGDUANDENGSICHUANLIAN,TONGGUODEDIANLIUXIANGTONG.RUGUODENGGUANLIANGDUANDEDENGSIDIANZUXIANGDENG,ZEDENGGUANLIANGDUANDENGSIWENDUYEXIANGTONG.RUGUODENGSILIANGDUANDEDIANZUBUXIANGDENG,XIANRANDENGGUANLIANGDUANDEDENGSIWENDUYEBUXIANGTONG.YOUYUCHUANLIANDIANLUZHONGDIANZUDEFARELIANGHEQIZUZHICHENGZHENGBI,KEZHIDIANZUDADEYIDUANWENDUGAO.RUGUODENGSIWENDUCHAOGUO900℃,DENGGUANZAIQIHUIGUOCHENGZHONG,DENGSISHANGDEYANGHUAWUHUIFASHENGYANZHONGDEFEIJIANBOLUOXIANXIANG.ZHEXIEFEIJIANBOLUODEJINSHUFENMOJIASHANGDENGGUANNEIDEGONGZHENGQIXIFUZAIDENGSIZHOUWEIDEGUANBISHANG,YINCIGUANBIDEYIDUANZHUJIANFAHEI。YOUYUDENGSISHANGDEYANGHUAWUBOLUOHOUBIANXI,ZENGDADENGSIDEDIANZUZHI,ZHEDUANDENGSIWENDUJIUGENGGAO,FEIJIANBOLUOJIUGENGYANZHONG,SHIGUANBIFUZHUDEJINZHUFENMOJISHUIYINFENZIGENGDUO,YINQIZHEDUANGUANBIFAHEIGENGJIAYANZHONG。RUCIEXINGXUNHUAN,DAOZHIDENGSISHANGDEFASHEWUZHIXIAOHAODAIJIN,DENGGUANSHOUMINGGAOZHONG。HUOYINCUXIBUJUNYUN,ZAIDENGSIDEZUIXICHUYINDIANZUZHIZUIDA,CICHUWENDUYEJIUTEBIEGAO,ZUIHOUDAOZHIDENGSIZAICICHURONGHUA。